What is your experience with writing, both in English and in your Essay

What is your involvement recorded as a hard copy, both in English and in your first language - Essay Example The measure of time spent planning a successful message is substantially less contrasted with that spent used to compose utilizing the less utilized language. It happens that the fundamental method of correspondence and the universally acknowledged language is English. In this way, the instruction framework has made it obligatory and more utilized language than the principal dialects. Further, it makes a typical stage for the different individuals with assorted tongue and dialects altogether. With that, there is a laxity in the consummating the principal language and making it helpful for legitimate correspondence. English h has contemplated and can be educated in a deliberate way not at all like first dialects on the planet over. It is difficult for me to utilize the utilization English than I do with the primary language. With English, it is simpler to explain issues plainly, the time taken to define the reasonable data is significantly less, and the language is less mind boggling for the most part. Hence causes English to command over my first language due to the dominance of the two dialects thought about is unique. Taking everything into account, the capacity to utilize language to impart viably recorded as a hard copy is controlled by the information on the language and the training in utilizing

Mary Ainsworth

When perusing numerous presentations on the historical backdrop of brain science it is seen there are not many females referenced. That doesn't mean ladies are not ascribed to having noteworthy effects in the improvement of brain research. â€Å"The commitments of huge numbers of brain research's most prominent female masterminds have for some time been overlooked, however that is beginning to change as more history messages perceive ladies, for example, Karen Horney, Mary Ainsworth, Leta Hollingworth, and Christine Ladd-Franklin in their pages. † These ladies are only a rare sorts of people who have made huge commitments and checks on psychology.The foundation, hypothetical methodology, and commitments of Mary Ainsworth are exceptionally huge to the field brain research even still today. Timetable/Background of Mary Ainsworth Mary Ainsworth was conceived in December 1913 in Glendale, Ohio. She was the most established of three young ladies; in 1918 her family migrated to Toro nto Canada, and picked up their citizenship. In her family unit training and studies were noted to be significant. â€Å"When she was fifteen, she read William McDougall's book Character and the Conduct of Life, which propelled her long lasting enthusiasm for psychology† (O'Connell, 1983).In 1929 Ainsworth went to learn at the University of Toronto; she was one of just four understudies to complete the distinctions degree program in brain science. At the time her dad concluded it would be best for her to turn into a transcriber, however he was as yet strong of her quest for graduate work in brain research. In 1939Mary Ainsworth was an ongoing Ph. D. graduate. She needed to remain at the University of Toronto, and she entranced the leader of the brain research division. In any case, she was not chosen for a position on the grounds that the University Senate would not designate a female.In 1942 Ainsworth joined the Canadian Women’s Army Corp, and in the wake of filling i n as an advisor in the Army for a long time, she returned to the University of Toronto and picked up the position collaborator educator. She got connected with to Leonard Ainsworth an alumni understudy, and they wedded in 1950. It was troublesome functioning as colleague educator on the staff where her better half was a student so both moved to London, England. â€Å"Mary Ainsworth was chosen for an examination position at the Tavistock Clinic under therapist John Bowlby.Bowlby’s exploration of the impacts of division of youngsters from their mother’s/caregiver’s filled in as an antecedent of Ainsworth’s prior work on the security theory†. In 1953 Leonard Ainsworth was keen on going to Africa. Mary Ainsworth could discover work as an exploration clinician at the East African Institute of Social Research in Kampala, Uganda. She directed a momentary naturalistic investigation of the mother-newborn child relationship and distributed the results.Two ye ars after the fact Mary handled a situation as an instructor in Baltimore, Maryland, at John Hopkins. In addition to the fact that she lectured, and regulate understudies, she set up a private practice committed to kids. In 1960 on account of separation Ainsworth turned out to be exceptionally discouraged. In 1963, one year in the wake of beginning the examination she is most popular for she turned into a full teacher. In1975 Ainsworth left Hopkins for a teacher position at the University of Virginia. She instructed there until her retirement in 1984. She stayed dynamic in her calling until 1992.The American Psychological Foundation granted her the Gold Medal Award forever accomplishment in the study of brain science from. In 1999 Mary Ainsworth went at 86 years old, she never had any kids however her significant commitments were in investigation of kids. Hypothetical Perspective of Mary Ainsworth Bowlby and Ainsworth cooperated to build up the connection hypothesis and exploration. â€Å"The recognizing normal for the hypothesis of connection that we have mutually evolved is that it is an ethological way to deal with character development.Although they had separate ways to deal with understanding character advancement, they cooperated each including various thoughts and points of view. In Uganda Ainsworth invested energy doing explore on mother youngster connections. Simultaneously she educating and addressing about brain science at John Hopkins, Mary Ainsworth started work to make a test to gauge connections among mother’s and caregiver’s, and their kids. Here she built up the â€Å"Strange Situations† evaluation. Youngsters ages a year and a half were seen during the assessment.A specialist viewed a child’s response when the individual in question was quickly taken off alone in a new room. Significant data was uncovered during the partition and upon the mother’s/caregiver’s return. â€Å"Based on her perceptions, Ainsworth presumed that there are three fundamental connection styles. The three primary connection styles are secure, restless avoidant, and on edge resistant†. Since her underlying discovering, her work has produced various examinations into the idea of connection and the distinctive connection styles that exist among youngsters and caregivers.Mary Ainsworth’s commitments to brain research Significant commitments to the study of brain science have been made by Mary Ainsworth with her â€Å"Strange Situations† appraisal. After the examination she finished up the fundamental connection styles are secure, restless avoidant, and on edge safe. She set a stage and numerous others in a matter of seconds followed. Her dubious examination on connection assumed a significant job in understanding the advancement of children.In 1986 analysts Main and Solomon included a fourth connection style: disrupted unreliable. There are various investigations that help Ainsworthâ€⠄¢s research. Extra exploration has additionally demonstrated early connection styles can help anticipate practices further down the road. Mary Ainsworth’s examination and commitments are as yet critical to the investigation of brain research today. End â€Å"Mary Ainsworth realized her work was questionable and could be comprehended by some in the women’s development as a request to moms to remain at home with their youngsters in their initial age†.â€Å"And while I underline the significance of a safe connection among newborn child and parental figure, and that full-time mothering might be the standard method of guaranteeing a protected connection, she didn't deny that elective game plans were conceivable. She stated, â€Å"Had I myself had the kids for whom I vainly ached, I like to trust I could have shown up at some agreeable blend of mothering and a profession, however I don't accept that there is any widespread, simple, instant answer for the problemâ⠂¬  (Ainsworth, 1983. p. 216).With tables turning and the commitments of psychology’s most noticeable female scholar being added to course readings understudies will concentrate increasingly about the commitments of Mary Ainsworth. Her experience, noteworthy commitments, and hypothetical methodology are fundamental still today. Numerous brain science specialists utilize the â€Å"Strange Situation† appraisal as a reason for investigation on kid improvement research. Mary Ainsworth lived 86 years and a large portion of her life was spent investigating, addressing, educating, and seeing in the brain research field.

In-depth analysis research paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Inside and out examination - Research Paper Example Notwithstanding, there are worries that his preservationist media appearances are not alluring. This may have moral ramifications to partners and the open since they appear not to have sufficient roads to connect with their Governor. The subsequent news thing is titled â€Å"Super PAC money assumes enormous job in Nebraska Senate race.† This thing outlines political interchanges that occur towards appointment of a state congressperson. It is pleasing that the situation of Senator has a few obligations; a reality that illuminates different stakeholders’ choice to help a specific up-and-comer who they feel will play out his command viably. Nonetheless, budgetary help by different partners may have moral ramifications as a definitive champ of the Senate races might be enticed to settle on choices dependent on the a portion of the desires of his â€Å"supporters† which may not be in light of a legitimate concern for different partners. The third thing is titled †Å"New GOP super PAC planned for drawing in youth vote.† These things shows the craving of the Republicans to pull in the young vote as a major aspect of its plan to address the high joblessness that has disappointed the adolescents throughout the years (The Center for Public Integrity, 2012). ... The office is non fanatic and it is committed to delivering analytical news coverage on open concern issues. It works in the political setting which is helpful which empowers it attempt its goals viably and with almost no political difficulties by any means. Inner organization pioneers and political pioneers have affected the achievement of the office in the accompanying three different ways. The primary path is through the non-fanatic methodology that the inside office pioneers have received in the running of the agency’s exercises which has empowered it to experience negligible reactions with respect to partisanship. The subsequent route is by working its analytical news coverage exercises by putting the enthusiasm of the open first and holding fast to trustworthiness and genuineness standards in its exercises (The Center for Public Integrity, 2012). This has empowered it gain believability from the open subsequently making it effective. The third route is through the politi cal pioneers; they have had confidence on the office and not many have raised appropriate concerns in regards to the organization and its exercises. Likewise, inside office pioneers have significantly affected the achievement of the office as in the office centers around the maltreatment of intensity, obligation desolation by ground-breaking private and open establishments accordingly winning open help. Lawful Decisions Ideally, the force that The Center for Public Integrity has as an office in authorizing the guidelines they are approached to maintain is constrained. Regularly, this office along with others are dispatched by certain state offices, private and open associations to research respectability, administration, regulatory, and responsibility perspectives in a specific State or

Hotel and Hospitality Management

Questions: 1. What do the readings intend to me as an official, my supervisory group, and my organization? 2. What openings and difficulties does it distinguish for us? 3. What changes in objectives, systems, arrangements, practices, and structure may it point to? 4. What associations would i be able to make to hypothesis/different readings? Answers: 1. The criticized article is urging to me since I am an official just as to my supervisory group and my organization. It gives us an understanding into mind blowing the executives methods which empower a business to get by just as arrive at top levels in the current occasions. This objective can be accomplished distinctly with the assistance of a capable pioneer. It makes it apparent that a capable pioneer can possibly reverse the situation for an association. It instructs us that even in hard periods of business in the event that we keep our objectives set and settle on capable choices we may get over such circumstances. In negative conditions likewise a capable pioneer resists the urge to panic and settles on such choices which would assist the association with excelling. 2. The upbraided article recognizes the accompanying difficulties to us: So as to make a business last we should attempt to make changes to it with the changing occasions and needs. On the off chance that we remain standoffish of the changing prerequisites of the general public the business would not have the option to endure. Different difficulties incorporate, overseeing reserves, making items increasingly speaking to the shoppers. The open doors which might be distinguished from the said perusing are as per the following: Franchisee based cafés are perfect as they accommodate consistent income and relatively low capital speculation. Giving to the clients a particular brand which offers great food at reasonable costs. 3. The reprimanded article sets a model for different business associations which are experiencing a hard stage. The perusing gives us a knowledge into the adjustments in strategies and methodology one must embrace in order to endeavor in business. We should initially set up an aspiration and a guide. Once the guide is set the supervisory group should make sense of whom they would serve. Popeye had picked the establishment proprietors as its main goal. At that point the enthusiasm of the clients and the representatives were dealt with. It was the conviction of Bachelder that one must love the individuals they lead. Along these lines establishment fulfillment was one of the preeminent objectives of Popeye. The following objective of Popeye was to grow the business by opening up an ever increasing number of cafés with the goal that the significance of Popeye is felt all over the place. They likewise planned for having greatest number of pleased clients and workers. 4. The associations which we may draw between the said perusing and hypothesis are as per the following: With legitimate administrative abilities a business can be overseen successfully and may likewise be made to arrive at statures of accomplishment. The achievement of a business is absolutely subject to the initiative abilities of the people involving administrative positions. The hypothesis of worker initiative must be embraced by the pioneers to make progress like the Popeye. Worker pioneers are simply the ones who serve others and not themselves. The first nature of a hireling head is to tune in while for the most part pioneers are into advancing their perspectives. They have compassion for the colleagues and the subordinates also.

Population Distributions - statistics lab report Essay

Populace Distributions - insights lab report - Essay Example This hypothesis depends on the idea that a heart with little size will have littler cardiovascular yield when contrasted with the bigger heart. Henceforth, this logical hypothesis recommends that the heart beat of the bigger individual will pulsate gradually to meet the metabolic prerequisites. The above speculation will be inspected by gathering an example of short and tall people and recognize whether there are huge contrasts in their heart beat rates. To demonstrate this, an investigation will be directed which will see if there are significant contrasts in the pulse of tall and short subjects. The specialists in the field8 as have likewise accentuated that people who are truly fit have a higher stroke volume when contrasted with dormant people. This implies people having a poor state of being will arrive at their most extreme heart beat rate at a lower work level than people who are genuinely fit. In light of the above conviction, a hypothesis has been advanced that since truly f it people have a higher oxygen consuming limit before arriving at most extreme pulse along these lines they will have a more slow pace of increment in heart beat and a quicker come back to the resting return after the activity. For the confirmation of previously mentioned theory, a controlled analysis will be directed in which the subject’s pulse before exercise and 15 minutes after exercise and afterward 30 minutes after exercise will be estimated to know whether there are critical contrasts in the pulse of people in the gathering. Invalid Hypothesis 1: Measurement of pulse. Examination of the information: a) Number of Subjects in each class Range Frequency 40-50 0 50-60 3 60-70 10 70-80 19 80-90 8 90-100 2 >100 0 b) Histogram Figure 1: Histogram of Heart Beats every Minute Median = 76 Mode = 80 Both the middle and mode lie in the 70-80 subject gathering of the variable. c) The information for the given variable is spread evenly around the focal area. It has a modular cla ss. I anticipate that the information should be modular since the majority of the people will have a typical heart beat rate with scarcely any remarkable cases. My desires are upheld by the diagram of histogram as lion's share of the recurrence of the information lies in set. d) Null Hypothesis: (There is no distinction in the mean pulse of the tall and short subjects) Alternative Hypothesis: (There is a distinction in the mean pulse of the tall and short subjects) Significance Level The theory is to be performed at 5% importance level or 95% certainty level, so Critical Value The basic qualities for the two followed test for with certainty level of are If the estimation of the t test measurement is lesser than - 2.02 or more prominent than 2.02 than dismiss; in any case don't dismiss. T-test Value: The information esteems for the little subject gathering and tall subject gathering are connected in the supplement (Table 1 and Table 2) Where By utilizing equations we ascertain that ( All the counts are given in index) Where The estimation of t-test measurement is - 0.339 and it doesn't fall in the dismissal district along these lines we don't dismiss the invalid speculation. The test outcomes are not factually noteworthy at the 5% level; that is, at the 5% essentialness level, the information don't give adequate proof to infer that there is contrast in the mean pulse of the tall and short people. Invalid Hypothesis 2 and 3: Heart rate and recuperation after exercise. a) Mean pulse These are the class mean pulses (beats every moment) Before Exercise 75.2 Directly After Exercise 124.8 After 1 Minute 105.9 After 5 Minutes

95 Leadership Quotes and Lessons by Famous CEOs and Entrepreneurs

95 Leadership Quotes and Lessons by Famous CEOs and Entrepreneurs A good quote is a powerful motivational tool which can help you grow in all areas of your life. When the quote is by established CEOs and entrepreneurs, who’ve done it all and who are talking from experience, you can learn a great deal about things such as leadership. © Shutterstock.com | sibgatBelow are 95 quotes about the key areas of leadership: on becoming a leader, having passion and vision, creating the right strategy, getting past the fear of failure, empowering others, and succeeding in leadership. The quotes will hopefully inspire you and give you food for thought on your journey to being a better leader.LEADERSHIP QUOTES ON BECOMING A LEADERLet’s first examine the qualities that make a good leader and the road you must be willing to take if you want to become a respectable leader.#1. “Becoming a leader is synonymous with becoming yourself. It is precisely that simple and it is also that difficult.” â€" Warren BennisBennis points out the essence of leadership, which is about elevating yourself to the next level. Becoming a leader doesn’t mean you try to be something else â€" there is no magic book you can read and copy the actions in order to be a leader. Becoming a leader is about understanding your own strengths and weaknesses, and improving your character to becoming the true representation of yourself â€" a leader.#2. “Today a reader, tomorrow a leader.” â€" Margaret FullerLeadership is not a skill you either have or you don’t. It requires both experience and continuous development. In order to become a leader, you need to study your field, learn about yourself and discover the different aspects of leadership.#3. “Leadership is a potent combination of strategy and character. But if you must be without one, be without the strategy.” â€" Norman SchwarzkopfThe above quote is an interesting take on how to be a leader. It essentially emphasizes that leadership is not just a set of practices you must do, but also a showcasing of your personality and your character. To prove yourself as a leader, you need to show character, not a list of achievements.#4. “You cannot be a leader, and ask other people to follow you, unless you know how to follow, too.” â€" Sam RayburnIt’s also important to rememb er that leading is not just about walking in front of others. In fact, you can learn a lot more about being a good leader by following others. The quote reflects the idea that in order to lead, you need to be able to relate to the experiences of your subordinates.#5. “The distance between number one and number two is always a constant. If you want to improve the organisation, you have to improve yourself and the organisation gets pulled up with you. That is a big lesson.” â€" Indra NooyiThe chairperson and the CEO of PepsiCo points out an important aspect of leadership, which is about the need of continuous self-development. An organization is often only as good as its leader. If you want to elevate your company and its subordinates, you need to enhance your own character and qualities first.#6. “Great leaders are not defined by the absence of weakness, but rather by the presence of clear strengths.” â€" John ZengerA good leader understands that he or she cannot be perfect. As humans, we all have weaknesses, but success isn’t about the ability to hide those qualities. It is about shining light on the strengths and ensuring you use those to your best ability.#7. “Average leaders raise the bar on themselves; good leaders raise the bar for others; great leaders inspire to raise their own bar.” â€" Orrin WoodwardLeadership begins with yourself. As Woodward implies, the important thing is to ensure you are looking to develop and up your game. By focusing on self-reflection and self-improvement, you can motivate the people around you to do the same.#8. “Effective leadership is not about making speeches or being liked; leadership is defined by results not attributes.” â€" Peter F. DruckerThere are people who are charismatic, who can step into a room and captivate everyone in it with their presence. But leadership isn’t just about the ability to charm others to be on your side. If you have nothing to show for your talent, then you aren’t a true l eader. The words you speak essentially have to be meaningful and backed up by actions.#9. “The quality of a leader is reflected in the standards they set for themselves.” â€" Ray KrocSimilarly to Woodward’s quote, Kroc is underlying the crucial nature of self-reflection. Set high standards for yourself and you will inspire those around you. If you showcase strength of character, of conviction and of work morale, you can lead better because you are speaking from experience. As mentioned above, you are backing up your words with actions.#10. “A man must be big enough to admit his mistakes, smart enough to profit from them, and strong enough to correct them.” â€" John C. MaxwellThis quote by the CEO of the John Maxwell Company identifies one of the core characteristics of a leader: the ability to learn from your mistakes and the humility to be accountable. It’s not easy to admit you’re wrong, but it takes even more to fix your mistakes.#11. “Leaders get out in front and stay there by raising the standards by which they judge themselves â€" and by which they are willing to be judged.” â€" Frederick W. SmithAnother important lesson in accountability comes from the founder and the CEO of FedEx: leaders can’t avoid accountability. The position of a leader should not be a bubble of protection preventing criticism. If you expect others to perform in a certain way, you need to expect it from yourself as well and be able to take in the feedback when it comes your way.Here is a great talk with Oprah Winfrey on her career, life, and leadership. #12. “What you do has far greater impact that what you say.” â€" Stephen CoveyWhile words are important, your actions as a leader can speak louder than a thousand words. A leader cannot say one thing, while doing something else. If you show you are accountable through your actions, the subordinates will trust you more than if you simply wrote a lovely letter about corporate responsibility.#13. “The first re sponsibility of a leader is to define reality. The last is to say thank you. In between, the leader is a servant.” â€" Max dePreeDePree’s quote is a simple analysis of the leader’s role. First, it’s about creating the vision and then it’s about ensuring the vision is implemented appropriately. It hints at the importance of empowering others and how crucial it is to remember the significance of the group for success.#14. “If the leader is filled with high ambition and if he pursues his aims with audacity and strength of will, he will reach them in spite of all obstacles.” â€" Carl von ClausewitzThe best leaders are ready to aim high, even against the odds. They show strength and courage to keep moving towards their vision because they believe in the message. Ambition is not something to shy away from â€" you need to search for it in order to succeed as a leader.#15. “Whether you think you can or you can’t; you’re right.” â€" Henry FordThe famous quote by Henry F ord is a powerful example of expectations. If you are expecting to fail your mission, you most likely will. But if you truly believe in yourself, then anything is possible.#16. “Don’t be intimidated by what you don’t know. That can be your greatest strength and ensure that you do things differently from everyone else.” â€" Sara BlakelyYou shouldn’t be afraid of not having enough knowledge, because the realization of this will always lead you to the path of discovery and learning. If you admit you don’t know how something works, you immediately force yourself to go out and find out more. You might even look into applying the knowledge you already have in order to solve the problem. On the other hand, if you pretend you have all the answers, you stop improving and you risk failing your quest for achieving your objectives.LEADERSHIP QUOTES ON HAVING PASSION AND A VISIONOne of the most important things a leader needs to have is passion. Without passion, it’s hard to create a compelling argument for people to follow you. Once you’ve found your passion as a leader, you need to develop vision and ensure you communicate it to your followers in an inspiring manner.#17. “Innovation distinguishes between a leader and a follower.” â€" Steve JobsThe co-founder and former CEO of Apple certainly knew about having a vision. Leaders are in that position because they distinguish themselves from the rest of the team. The best way to step up is by creating a vision no one else has thought about. Jobs had a vision of a phone that wasn’t just about the phone, but of a specific user experience. He pursued the idea even when it seemed unobtainable at the time.#18. “There exist limitless opportunities in every industry. Where there is an open mind, there will always be a frontier.” â€" Charles F. KetteringThe quote is a good reminder of the endless opportunities we have in our grasp. Breaking into an industry is never easy, but a good leader is able to see ma rkets where there aren’t any.#19. “Leadership and culture aren’t about being the boss or being in control; they are about creating shared visions and goals, and then inspiring, empowering and influencing others to achieve more than they ever thought possible.” â€" Gary BrooksUrjanet’s CMO outlines an important lesson about the essence of leadership. It requires just a few building blocks: creating a vision, establishing objectives, empowering others, and achieving greatness as a team. You shouldn’t complicate leadership, but accept it for what it is.#20. “Chase the vision, not the money; the money will end up following you.” â€" Tony HsiehHsieh’s quote has a powerful message. As a leader, the aim should always be to pursue your dreams, despite the odds or the immediate financial viability. You can’t get into business only by calculating the profits because profits will always follow if your ideas are good. ‘How to make money?’ is not a great starting point. I nstead, you want to say, ‘This is my passion; now how will I turn it into a business?’#21. “I try not to make any decisions that I’m not excited about.” â€" Jake NickellA leader will need to make many decisions. Not necessarily in terms of being in charge of everything, but even delegating decision-making to others is a judgment call for the leader. The CEO of Threadless has said his secret is about focusing on the things that inspire him as a leader. When you are passionate about the topic, you’ll most likely research the answers carefully, which will lead to better decision-making and more success.#22. “If you think you are leading and turn around to see no one following, then you are just taking a walk.” â€" Benjamin HooksOf course, having a vision isn’t enough. You can’t call yourself a leader if you have no one listening to your message. Leaders need to define their vision in a way that inspires others. This requires a good understanding of the things you ar e trying to achieve and the ability to communicate clearly.#23. “Leaders think and talk about the solutions. Followers think and talk about the problems.” â€" Brian TracyYour mindset needs to be on the solution and not the problem. It’s possible to focus on analyzing a problem for a long time, mainly because it is easier than discussing how to solve it. Instead of wasting your energy on the problem, spend more time considering the different solutions available to you.#24. “Build your own dreams, or someone else will hire you to build theirs.” â€" Farrah GrayLeaders are different than followers because the leader is willing to fight for their vision and dreams. As a leader, you need to provide the vision and you need to have a clear idea of where you want to be. Otherwise, you will simply be following someone else’s.#25. “A leader has the vision and conviction that a dream can be achieved. He inspired the power and energy to get it done.” â€" Ralph LaurenThe fashion m ogul knows passion and vision alone are not enough. The leader must show conviction to execute the plans accordingly. You can’t just dream big, you must show willingness to put your own energy into turning those dreams into reality.#26. “The future belongs to those who see possibilities before they become obvious.” â€" John ScullyAs mentioned in some of the earlier quotes, a leader is someone who is able to see the future before it happens. A good visionary leader is not looking to improve what is already out there, but to look beyond the current stage of things and find a new way of doing things.#27. “The very essence of leadership is [that] you have a vision. It’s got to be a vision you articulate clearly and forcefully on every occasion. You can’t blow an uncertain trumpet.” â€" Theodore HesburghHesburgh’s quote highlights not just the importance of having vision, but the conviction to follow it. You need to be able to trust and believe in your ideas, because no o ne will buy your idea if you don’t. You wouldn’t buy a car from a person who seems unsure whether it will last beyond the next week and you wouldn’t follow a leader who doesn’t believe in his or her message.#28. “It’s not what the vision is, it’s what the vision does.” â€" Peter SengeSenge makes an interesting point about the need for your vision to be executable and to create real change. Creating a vision is easy, but creating one that creates a positive change and transforms the organization or the people in it for something better can be tough. Don’t just focus on the plan and the way to get things done; highlight the outcome in terms of change and transformation as well.#29. “Dreams are extremely important. You can’t do it unless you can imagine it.” â€" George LucasWe are all too often reminded about ‘keeping it real’ and keeping our feet on the ground. But sometimes you need big dreams to move forward. Many of our greatest inventions wouldn’t hav e happened if someone didn’t dare to dream beyond the current capabilities.#30. “When you have vision it affects your attitude. Your attitude is optimistic rather than pessimistic.” â€" Charles R. SwindollHaving a vision is not just important in terms of generating a strategy. As Swindoll’s quote suggests, having goals will also positively influence your attitude. Studies show how people with goals are more successful than people who don’t set milestones for themselves.#31. “One of the things that may get in the way of people being lifelong learners is that they’re not in touch with their passion. If you’re passionate about what it is you do, then you’re going to be looking for everything you can to get better at it.” â€" Jack CanfieldStaying on top of your game is not easy if you’re not playing the game you are passionate about. Passion is the best motivator and motivation is required for leadership to work. You can rise to the top by perseverance in almost an ything you set your mind to. But you will only stay there if you are passionate to keep your focus and to improve every single day.#32. “Purpose may point you in the right direction but it’s passion that propels you.” â€" Travis McAshanAs mentioned above, passion is the perfect way to motivate yourself to take the next step. It doesn’t mean things wouldn’t be hard or you wouldn’t occasionally feel like giving up. It simply means that after a moment, you can still feel the fire is there inside you to keep moving. LEADERSHIP QUOTES ON CREATING THE RIGHT STRATEGYWhen the vision is set, leadership becomes all about outlining and executing your strategy. For a leader, the ability to create a compelling strategy that inspires other people will be the key to success.#33. “One of the tests of leadership is the ability to recognise a problem before it becomes an emergency.” â€" Arnold GlasowLeadership is essentially about taking action rather than a reaction to what is happen ing. Therefore, a good leader is not only able to create a vision to move towards, but to ensure problems are dealt with before they start sinking the ship.#34. “Do not follow where the path may lead. Go instead where there is no path and leave a trail.” â€" Harold R. McAlindonMcAlindon’s quote continues the theme set forward in the previous section. As a leader, you want to create a new path rather than follow someone else’s footsteps. But your vision also has to be compelling enough to ensure others can follow you. This requires you to present a strong vision and be willing to guide the people walking behind you.#35. “Don’t limit yourself. Many people limit themselves to what they think they can do. You can go as far as your mind lets you. What you believe, remember, you can achieve.” â€" Mary Kay AshWhen you are creating a strategy for your leadership, remember the above lesson from the founder of Mary Kay Cosmetics. Don’t set boundaries to your success, but dream big and follow your vision.#36. “Telling people not what they want to hear but what they need to hear is a key element of being able to lead.” â€" John SmithLeadership can be a tough challenge, not least because it requires you to occasionally do and say things that aren’t what people want to hear. Leadership is not about pleasing others or pretending everything is fine when the roof is on fire. You need to be prepared to say it like it is, but to communicate your message in a positive rather than negative manner.#37. “Example is not the main thing in influencing others; it is the only thing.” â€" Albert SchweitzerSchweitzer is adamant setting an example is the only strategy for a leader. The point is important because too many leaders today, simply stay in the ivory tower and bark orders. It’s important to show the subordinates you lead by example because it shows two things. First, it tells you have the knowledge and experience to ask for the actions and behaviors. Se cond, you highlight your ability to understand the experience of others. You are essentially showing empathy because you are telling them you know the sacrifice or the effort, since you’ve been there too.#38. “You don’t lead by pointing and telling people some place to go. You lead by going to that place and making a case.” â€" Ken KeseySimilar to the above quote, Kesay makes the point of leading through example. As a leader, you must be willing to do the things you are asking your subordinates to do. This shows you have knowledge of how things work in the real world.#39. “I don’t think just trying to maximise profits is a very good long-term strategy for a business. It doesn’t inspire the people who work for you.” â€" John MackeyIn terms of strategy, Whole Foods co-founder John Mackey’s quote reveals the essence of leadership and longevity. You need the strategy to be built around your vision â€" to have a long-term focus and short-term inspiration to keep the sub ordinates engaged and interested.#40. “You have to be very nimble and very open minded. Your success is going to be very dependent on how you adapt” â€" Jeremy StoppelmanAs mentioned before, leadership is about change. But this doesn’t just mean change in terms of implementing your vision, but also in terms of adjusting to the constant moving environment around you. No business can survive without the ability to accept and embrace change. As a leader, you need to be able to adjust the strategy depending on the situation and be open-minded to take in new information.#41. “Control is not leadership; management is not leadership; leadership is leadership. If you seek to lead, invest at least 50% of your time in leading yourself â€" your own purpose, ethics, principles, motivation, conduct. Invest at least 20% leading those with authority over you and 15% leading your peers.” â€" Dee HockHock’s quote explains the key aspects to a solid leadership framework. You need to conti nue investing in your own development, in terms of improving your skills and building up your character. But you also need to learn more about the people surrounding you, those in higher positions and those who are part of your team.#42. “The challenge of leadership is to be strong, but not rude: be kind, but not weak; be bold, but not bully; be thoughtful, but not lazy; be humble but not timid; be proud, but not arrogant; have humour, but without folly.” Jim RohnThe above is a beautiful illustration of the different qualities you need as a leader and those you don’t. It’s easy to see the position of power abused, but if you maintain your empathy and stick to your convictions, you can treat people with respect and still achieve the objectives.#43. “Ninety percent of leadership is the ability to communicate something people want.” â€" Dianne FeinsteinFeinstein’s quote reveals the one skill you need to invest in, if you are passionate about becoming a better leader, is c ommunication. The ability to communicate can be a powerful tool for motivating, inspiring and guiding people. If you are good at it, you can save yourself from a number of common communication mistakes and maintain a happy team.#44. “Management is efficiency in climbing the ladder of success; leadership determines whether the ladder is leaning against the right wall.” â€" Stephen R. CoveySince leadership is about change, you won’t be able to see the path ahead of you. This often means the strategies you use and the actions you take won’t be tried and tested. It’s your job as the leader to go ahead and make way to others following behind you.#45. “All of the great leaders have had one characteristic in common: it was the willingness to confront unequivocally the major anxiety of their people in their time. This, and not much else is the essence of leadership.” â€" John Kenneth GalbraithJohn Kenneth Galbraith quote is a strong reminder of what leadership should be about. It isn’t about the title or the money; it’s not often about becoming a leader either. Leadership happens when you care deeply about something and you want to change things around for the benefit of a team, an industry, or even the society. It shouldn’t be about what you can achieve, but what you can do for the wider community.Learn more about servant leadership in this great TED talk. #46. “Nothing stops an organisation faster than people who believe that the way you worked yesterday is the best way to work tomorrow.” â€" Jon MadonnaAnother reminder of the importance of keeping your eyes open and staying open-minded comes from Jon Madonna. You can’t stop innovating or thinking about new strategies just because your business is currently doing well and your leadership is working. Tomorrow can bring plenty of new challenges and you need to keep looking ahead.#47. “Rowing harder doesn’t help if the boat is headed in the wrong direction.” â€" Kenichi OhmaeOverall, wit hout a proper strategy, leadership will not work. You can have the characteristics, the skills and the passion, but if you don’t have a plan to execute, you might as well be rowing on dry land.LEADERSHIP QUOTES ON GETTING PAST THE FEAR OF FAILUREIf there is one obstacle to obtaining and maintaining solid leadership, it is the fear of failure or of the unknown. Plenty of entrepreneurs have experienced this and the below quotes are the perfect motivation to move beyond the fear.#48. “Don’t worry about failure; you only have to be right once.” â€" Drew HoustonThe founder and the CEO of Dropbox gives a short but valuable tip: success is success no matter when you achieve it. The fact you failed ten times before you got it right doesn’t matter: what matters is that you eventually achieved what you set out to achieve. Success shouldn’t have a timeline.#49. “Fail often so you can succeed sooner.” â€" Tom KelleySince failure is inevitable, you shouldn’t be afraid of it. In fact, just as Ideo’s founder suggests above, you should embrace the failure from the start. Failure is always a lesson and you’ll learn from each mistake you make â€" all of which makes success faster to come by.#50. “I do not think that there is any other quality so essential to success of any kind as the quality of perseverance. It overcomes almost everything, even nature.” â€" John D. RockefellerLeadership is often about winning against the odds. As Rockefeller suggests with the above quote, you need to be able to stand in the wind and the rain in order to see the sunshine.#51. “If you do what you’ve always done, you’ll get what you’ve always gotten.” â€" Tony RobbinsIf you make a cup of coffee every morning, you can’t be disappointed it never tastes like tea. In order to succeed in something you want but don’t have, you need to look at your approach and change it accordingly. Every leader has to have the ability to look whether the approach is working or n ot. While perseverance is essential, you should never keep hitting your head on the wall to get through if there is a door in the room.#52. “You don’t concentrate on risks. You concentrate on results. No risk is too great to prevent the necessary job from getting done.” â€" Chuck YeagerYeager provides leaders a helpful mindset with the above quote. The focus should never be on the things that can go wrong, but on the objectives, you are hoping to fulfill. Define your success and measure your progress with it, not with failure.You need to take smart risks. #53. “The things we fear most in organisations â€" fluctuations, disturbances, imbalances â€" are the primary sources of creativity.” â€" Margaret WheatleyThe above is a powerful reminder of the dangers of conformity. Change is the most powerful driver of creativity because it forces people to think differently. As a leader and an organization, you need to embrace change and disruption, using it for something good.#54. †œIt takes humility to realise that we don’t know everything, not to rest on our laurels, and to know that we must keep learning and observing. If we don’t, we can be sure some startup will be there to take our place.” â€" Cher WangThe co-founder of HTC reminds us with the quote about humility. Leadership requires you to occasionally step back and remember you don’t always have to have the answers â€" in fact, it’s good to seek other people’s opinion and advice regularly.#55. “Don’t be afraid to give up the good to go for the great.” â€" John D. RockefellerLeadership does often require sacrifices. The comfortable job you have, with the steady salary might be good, but are they enough? If you want to achieve greatness, you can’t settle for good. Stepping out from the comfort zone is not easy, but it is possible.#56. “Those who let things happen usually lose to those who make things happen.” â€" Dave WeinbaumSimilar to the above quote, Weinbaum reminds people ab out the importance of being a person of action and not a person of reaction. If you are actively out there, seeking improvement and success, you’re more likely to encounter it than the person just hoping to grasp onto it once it passes by.#57. “If you limit your choices only to what seems possible or reasonable, you disconnect yourself from what you truly want, and all that is left is a compromise.” â€" Robert FritzLeadership is about going after a vision you want and which you see as the best objective for the organization. It’s not about finding a vision or path that is the easiest or the most likelihood. It’s about following your convictions.#58. “Success is 99 percent failure.” â€" Soichiro HondaIn a similar vein to what has been said above, Honda defines the essence of success as the acceptance of failure. Success is hard to achieve and it’s even harder to do it without ever failing. In essence, Honda’s message resonates the age-old wisdom of ‘practice makes perfect’.#59. “Success is often achieved by those who don’t know that failure is inevitable.” â€" Coco ChanelCoco Chanel’s view is definitely interesting because it points out the problem of focusing on failure. It essentially tells how much easier it is to go after your dreams, if you don’t cripple yourself with the knowledge of failure. Stop focusing on the things you have to lose and turn your attention to the things you can gain.#60. “A man can fail many times, but he isn’t a failure until he begins to blame somebody else.” â€" John BurroughsWhen the inevitable happens and you make a mistake and fail, you should never simply look around you and start pointing the finger at others. Leadership is about accountability and you need to be able to first study the things you could have done better or differently, before you begin the blame-game.#61. “I have not failed. I’ve just found 10,000 ways that won’t work.” â€" Thomas A. EdisonEdison’s way of looking at failure is interesting because it actually redefines the meaning of failure. He doesn’t want to view those moments as mistakes, but as opportunities to learn.#62. “Even when you go after a more ambitious goal, even if you fail to achieve that one, all the side effects that come along the way can be that much more rewarding and significant in their own right.” â€" Sergey BrinGoogle’s co-founder highlights the importance of trying and the opportunities a failed attempt will provide. Having a go at things and not succeeding doesn’t mean you failed â€" you might have actually learned a lesson that will help you avoid an even bigger fall in the future.#63. “All progress takes place outside the comfort zone.” â€" Michael John BobakOverall, for a leader to succeed, the idea of maintaining the status quo is something to avoid. Leadership in its essence is about the movement towards something else. You’ll never move from Point A to Point B, if you aren’t willing to step out of the comfort zone. LEADERSHIP QUOTES ON EMPOWERING OTHERSLeadership is not a solo sport, although it might seem like it. In many instances, it is the people around the team helping the leader become better; something famous CEOs and entrepreneurs have understood well.#64. “Before you are a leader, success is all about growing yourself. When you become a leader, success is all about growing others.” â€" Jack WelchThe above quote by the former GE chairman and CEO highlight the essence of empowering others. Leadership is a position that provides you the tools that guarantee others can aim to elevate themselves â€" just as you did before them.#65. “Leadership is about making others better as a result of your presence and making sure that impact lasts in your absence.” â€" Sheryl SandbergEmpowering others is an important part of leadership because it can help the organization prepare for the future. By mentoring the leaders of tomorrow, the organization can guarantee succe ssion is part of the bigger vision.#66. “The growth and development of people is the highest calling of leadership.” â€" Harvey S. FirestoneA big part of leadership is about the desire to help others excel. According to Firestone, it’s the most important aspect of it, as you should focus your efforts on enhancing the character and abilities of your subordinates.#67. “Having a personality of caring about people is important. You can’t be a good leader unless you generally like people. That is how you bring out the best in them.” â€" Sir Richard BransonThe quote by the founder of the Virgin Group highlights a key quality of leadership: empathy. You need to be able to relate to others and wish them well before you can excel as a leader.#68. “A lot of people have gone further than they thought they could because someone else thought they could.” â€" Zig ZiglarGaining a position of power will take a lot of hard work, but it isn’t something you achieve on your own. Don†™t forget about the people along the way that guided you and believed in you. Likewise, don’t forget that by believing in others, you can help them in their journey.#69. ”There is a hero in all of us. What you need is a leader to make people realise that they don’t have to be less than ordinary, that they can be more than ordinary.” â€" Christo WieseA good leader is able to showcase people the possibilities awaiting them if they work hard and believe in themselves. Being and doing something worthwhile doesn’t mean you need to be in a top position or have a special title. A good leader can show everyone just how important he or she is for the team.#70. “Leadership is the art of giving people a platform for spreading ideas that work.” â€" Seth GodinWhen you gain a leadership position, you will gain immense power to provide opportunities for others. Use your platform to give voice to others, instead of just building a taller podium for yourself. By empowering others to de velop their ideas, you can improve your own understanding and therefore, refine your vision and action plan for something better.#71. “As we look ahead into the next century, leaders will be those who empower others.” â€" Bill GatesThe co-founder of Microsoft outlines the most important reason for empowering others. By being the leader who develops and inspires others, you guarantee a succession of leadership within not just the organization, but also the wider society.#72. “Leaders don’t inflict pain, they share pain.” â€" Max de PreeThe above quote perfectly illustrates the wrong idea many have about leadership. They equate power to lack of empathy or care for others. But leadership is never about getting your own way, no matter the consequences.#73. A leader is a person you will follow to a place you would not go by yourself.” â€" Joel BarkerLeader’s role is comparable to an icebreaker. The leader must be at the forefront of the organization and sort out the issues that might slow the way. They need to inspire the subordinates by showing courage in the face of adversity. Breaking down barriers and implementing a new vision might not be easy, but followers tend to go with the leader, if the leader shows them the right way to go and removes the obstacles out of the way. #74. “High expectations are the key to absolutely everything.” â€" Sam WaltonThe founder of Wal-Mart teaches an important lesson with the above quote. While you need to elevate others and guide them in your role as a leader, you should never expect anything but the best from your team. Set the standards high and you’ll see success. Leadership is about helping others move along, not dragging them through.#75. “A leader’s job is not to do the work for others, it’s to help others figure out how to do it themselves, to get things done, and to succeed beyond what they thought possible.” â€" Simon SinekSometimes the leader’s job is not to hold the hands of the subordina tes, but rather to allow them grow at their own pace. There are occasions when leaders can help the best by providing the tools and the framework, but letting the subordinates find their own way of making use of it.#76. “A leader’s role is to raise people’s aspirations for what they can become and to release their energies so they will try to get there.” â€" David GergenIt’s not always enough to provide the team with the resources to help them develop their skills and characteristics. The leader should also enhance their aspirations and help them see they also can dream big. A leader should not just focus on helping the person achieve his or her dreams, but to take a closer look at those aspirations and elevate them higher as well.#77. “You know, as most entrepreneurs do, that a company is only as good as its people. The hard part is actually building the team that will embody your company culture and proper you forward.” â€" Kathryn MinshewLeaders succeed because they surround themselves with the right team. It’s imperative for the leader to outline a company culture and find the people that nurture the culture, not hinder it.#78. “People want guidance, not rhetoric; they need to know what the plan of action is and how it will be implemented. They want to be given responsibility to help solve the problem and the authority to act on it.” â€" Howard SchultzEssentially, the above quote by the founder of Starbucks brings together the different elements we’ve discussed above. Subordinates want the leader to show through example, what they can achieve; they want the leader to help them elevate their own ambitions and abilities; and they want to be given the resources to help with the implementation of the vision.#79. “You cannot have faith in people unless you take action to improve and develop them.” â€" Sumatra GhoshalThe above quote is an essential lesson in the power of knowledge and why it needs to be shared, not hidden. As a leader, you need to provide the subordinates with the right knowledge and resources to succeed â€" if you do this, the rest is up to them.LEADERSHIP QUOTES ON ACHIEVING SUCCESSSo, what do entrepreneurs and CEOs think about success? In the final section, we’ll explore how success is defined and what you should be willing to do as a leader in order to achieve it.#80. “The task of leadership is not to put greatness into humanity, but to elicit it, for the greatness is already there.” â€" John BuchanThe above quote is a beautiful reminder of the power of leadership. Success is the ability to pursue to vision and bring about change that can empower and elevate people around it.#81. “The road to success and the road to failure are almost exactly the same.” â€" Colin R. DavisDavis’ reminder is an important lesson to learn. As discussed above, failure is part of the experience of leadership and by continuing to push forward; you will eventually come to the point where you’ve succeeded .#82. “No matter how brilliant your mind or strategy, if you’re playing a solo game, you’ll always lose out to a team.” â€" Reid HoffmanThe co-founder of LinkedIn makes an important point about success. You won’t succeed on your own and you should never forget about the team. Even the world’s best solo sportspersons have a team of physicians, trainers and so on behind them to support the journey. As a leader, you need to remember this. While you might have created the vision, you will need other people to help you execute it to perfection.#83. “No man will make a great leader who wants to do it all himself, or go to get all the credit for doing it.” â€" Andrew CarnegieRelating to the above quote, Carnegie’s quote reminds about the importance of acknowledging the help. Leadership is not about putting yourself on a podium, but helping others climb up the mountain with you. If you are seeking fame and glory, defining success by just what happens to you, you won’t su cceed in becoming a great leader.#84. “The most dangerous poison is the feeling of achievement. The antidote is to every evening think what can be done better tomorrow.” â€" Ingvar KampradOnce the feeling of success sneaks upon you, remember this quote by the founder of IKEA. Enjoy your achievements for a moment, but don’t become complacent. There is no quicker way to destroy the hard work than lying down to marvel your accomplishments. There are people out there looking to get ahead of you and they will if you turn your attention away from the road.#85. “Unless you choose to do great things with it, makes no difference how much you are rewarded, or how much power you have.” â€" Oprah WinfreyOne of the world’s most successful female entrepreneurs knows where the real success comes from: improvement. Whether you are improving the company, the subordinates, the society or the environment, set yourself to change things for the better.#86. “You shouldn’t gloat about anyt hing you’ve done. You ought to keep going and try to find something better to do.” â€" David PackardYour accomplishments will speak for themselves, they don’t need you to do PR. Don’t spend your time telling people what you’ve done, but go out there and continue proving your point by creating change.#87. “There are countless ways of achieving greatness, but any road to achieving one’s maximum potential must be built on a bedrock of respect for the individual, a commitment to excellence, and a rejection of mediocrity.” â€" Buck RodgersRodgers hammers home the keys to success: respect, commitment and thirst for greatness. Success won’t be achieved by putting down others or by finding shortcuts to avoid hard work. You most definitely won’t be a great leader if you don’t set the standards high.#88. “Define success on your own terms, achieve it by your own rules, and build a life you’re proud to live.” â€" Anne SweeneyYou shouldn’t try to recreate another pe rson’s success or look at your accomplishments through the lens of someone else’s. You can define leadership in terms of what it means to you and what you want to accomplish. You don’t need to follow what other’s have done or think you have failed because you aren’t in the same spot as the competing CEO. Stop trying to be the next Arianna Huffington, Jay-Z or Bill Gates and instead focus on determining your own goals and successes.#89. ”I never dreamed about success. I worked for it.” â€" Estée LauderThe beauty mogul provides a short, yet important message: success doesn’t happen on paper, it happens in the real world. A plan is nothing more than a guide for execution and action.#90. “Every day I get up and look through the Forbes list of the richest people in America. If I’m not there, I go to work.” â€" Vinnie RegeOnce you’ve defined what success means to you, you can start working towards it every day. Rege’s quote is not to say you necessarily need to be on the Forbes list to prove you’ve made it. It’s merely a reminder you shouldn’t forget to assess your current situation in relation to where you want to be every single day. You won’t notice progress unless you keep measuring it. Remember, just because you aren’t there today, doesn’t mean you can’t be there tomorrow â€" don’t give up.#91. “What I’ve learned is that if you really want to be successful at something, you’ll find that you put the time in. You won’t just ask somebody if it’s a good idea, you’ll go figure out if it’s a good idea.” â€" Mark CubanThe Shark Tank entrepreneur provides a good example of determination and passion: the key building blocks to success. If you are driven and you have a vision you truly believe in, the success will follow because you’ll want to put the work in and you’ll want to develop and improve. If you want to become successful, then you need to find the thing that makes you passionate.#92. “There’s no scientific answer for success. You can’t define it. You’ve simply got to live and do it.” â€" Anita RoddickThe Internet is full of guides on how to succeed in your career and in leadership. But the truth is that while information will always help on your journey and provide you with direction, the real success is down to action. As the founder of The Body Shop once said, “You’ve simply got to live and do it.”#93. “I cannot give you the formula for success, but I can give you the formula for failure, which is: Try to please everybody.” â€" Herbert SwopeYou should never build your success on the back of other people’s failures or pain, but you can’t keep everyone in the world happy. People are different and differences of opinion are bound to happen in the business world. As long as you know what you are doing, you know it doesn’t intentionally hurt anyone, and you are committed to your goals, you can succeed.#94. “Successful people do what unsuccessful people are not willing to do. Don’t wish it were easier; wish you were better.”- Jim RohnThe road to the top is not easy and you will feel inadequate as a leader on a number of occasions. But no one became a great leader overnight. What defines you as a success is how you rise to the occasion when you know you aren’t good enough. Instead of giving up, you will go and find out how to be better â€" just as Rohn says.#95. “The only place where success comes before work is in the dictionary.” â€" Vidal SassoonFinally, the above quote by the legendary hairstylist is a magnificent guideline for leadership and business in general. If you aren’t willing to work, then success won’t happen.

The Consequences of Pearl Harbor - Free Essay Example

The road to war between the United States of America and Japan began on the surprise aerial attack on the United States Navy base in Pearl Harbor on December 7th 1941. This was the first step that brought the might United States into the Second World War Relations between the two countries started to deteriorate in the early 1930s when Japan started to become aggressive in Asia, mainly in Manchuria in 1931 and tried to start conquering the rest of China into 1937. Japan in 1940 decided to allied itself with the Axis with countries like Germany. Japan, a vastly resource free country needed supplies such as oil from countries like the United States. With their aggression in Asia the United States decided to put an embargo on Japan and halt valuable resources such as oil which the Japanese empire need greatly to expand their mighty war machine . Japan had only enough oil reserves to fight a war for about six more months, something that they couldnt stand to bear with and the only solution to counter this problem was to move further down south into the vast and oil rich areas of Southeast Asia. With their aggression already in China, Japan wasnt a very favored country in the United States, already banning immigrants from Japan and angering them even further they drew out plans to counter this problem and the only solution left was to destroy the United States Pacific fleet that had recently been shifted to Pearl Harbor in Hawaii by the United States President Roosevelt. The United States of Americas Navy Pacific fleet was established way back in the late 1800s but established their Headquarters on February 1st 1941 only 10 months before the attack on Pearl Harbor by the Japanese. Pearl Harbor was seen as impregnable by the United States. Having this massive United States Navy a stone throw away from Japan was of a large concern. If Japan was to take further aggressive action down south, the United States would be sure to come to the defense of their allies and stop the Japanese. The only option left was to eliminate the United States Pacific Fleet so they would have superiority over the entire Pacific waters and further their interest down south with little resistance if at all from the United States. For months the Japanese Navy has been practicing simulations on the attack of Pearl Harbor, if the diplomatic talks in Washington DC had failed they were prepared to go to war at all costs . On the 26th of November, the Japanese set sail of a Navy task force of six heavy aircraft carriers, the Shokaku, Zuikaku, Kaga, Akagi, Hiryu and Soryu and accompanying these aircraft carriers were two battle ships sailing to Pearl Harbor spearheaded this task force was Admiral Chuchi Nagumo . The plan to attack Pearl Harbor was devised by Admiral Yamamoto, he wanted the United States Pacific Fleet in Pearl Harbor to be neutralized so he could purse Japans goals in achieving domination. The task force set sail and was to avoid detection by the United States Navy at all costs. If detected they were to set sail back home to Japan immediately. Admiral Chuchi Nagumo later learned that the United States Navy most prized possessions, their aircraft carriers were not in port but some carriers were doing training exercises while other carriers were stationed elsewhere and others delivering planes to remote Pacific islands . This was certainly a major downfall in the usefulness of the attack in the Pacific fleet but the attack was to go ahead, December 8th Japanese time which is December 7th the local date in Hawaii. Chatter was created on the radios in Japan to make the United States think that the aircraft carriers were at bay but this didnt work. The conditions were in favor of Japan, apart from the aircraft carriers belong to the United States Navy not in port, the weather with the heavy fogged helped provide good coverage over the carriers from overhead reconnaissance planes that were out looking for the missing Japanese carriers. All Japanese ships were to remain on radio blackout. Visibility over Pearl Harbor was clear, and this information was given over the local radio station in Oahu. In the early morning at 0600 hours the first launch of 183 aircraft, bombers laden with torpedoes and bombs, flanked by fighter aircraft escorting them they made their 1.5 hours journey to Pearl Harbor. The attack on Pearl Harbor came at a great cost to the US but then again this is very debatable. During the two waves of strikes by the Japanese, only lost a total of twenty nine aircraft . This is a very small price to pay for the huge losses the United States Navy occurred, on that day, December 7th, 2403 people were recorded as dead, a further 1178 were injured, four battleships were sunk, the Oklahoma, West Virginia, California and the Nevada. The Tennessee, Pennsylvania and Maryland were damaged but the Maryland was put back into service in February 1942. Aircraft lost by the United States were massive as well, with aircraft parked tightly to avoid any sabotage; this made it easier for Japanese bombers. Out of the 394 planes based, 165 were damaged and only some still able to fly. This attack on Pearl Harbor seemed like a success on the day for the Japanese and my view is that it seemed like this from both sides. The United States suffers a huge loss compared to the minimal loss suffered on the Japanese side. Japan now has put a major dent into the United States Pacific fleet and is able to further their goals down south but my personal view is that the attack created more problems for Japan the solving. No aircraft carrier was in dock at all, the power of the Pacific fleet is with the might aircraft carriers. It did not sink, damaged or even find any of the aircraft carriers. All of the battleships that were sunk in Pearl Harbor were raised except the Arizona were repaired and put back into service thus making the United States Navy rely more on their carriers. The air raid on Pearl Harbor didnt even attempt to destroy any of the logistics, logistics such as the vast supply of oil that was in dock, without this oil the United States Navy would not have been able to repair and return to service the battleships that were damaged at such a quick rate. From the Japanese point of view, it can only be seen as a success that they were able to sink many battleships, destroy many aircraft and end the lives of many soldiers at such a small physical price. It is hard to determine whether this attack on this day was one of the biggest mistakes ever made by the Japanese empire, had they sent a third wave to destroy more of the logistics or if the aircraft carriers had been in port it may have changed the outcome of the war.

Department Of Media And Communication - 2242 Words

DEPARTMENT OF MEDIA COMMUNICATION MA (Fashion Journalism) A RESEARCH PROPOSAL BY: Full names: ROHAIZATUL AZHAR B AB RAHIM Student no: ABR 14439179 Postal address: 23B ARCHEL ROAD, W14 9QJ Telephone number: +44 747 826 0640 E-mail: r.abrahim1@arts.ac.uk Date of submission: January 30, 2015 This submissions contains two (02) parts: Unveiling the Hijabista: When Faith meets Fashion Evaluation of ‘The Roles of Media in Influencing Women Wearing Hijab: An Analysis’ by Zulkifli Abd. Latiff and Fatin Nur Sofia Zainol Alam Part 1: Unveiling The Hijabista - When Faith Meets Fashion 0.0 Introduction The Merriam-Webster dictionary (2015) defines hijab as the ‘traditional covering for the hair and neck that is worn by Muslim†¦show more content†¦Assisted by the socio-technological developments caused by new (mobile) communication technologies (Blommaert and Varis 2015), these influencers have started a sartorial movement that brings together two seemingly opposing ideas in order to create an indigenous identity. Known as Hijabista, a term coined by Jerome Taylor in The Independent newspaper (2010), they are defined as â€Å"a trendy set of up-and-coming Muslim women† (Taylor 2010) who dresses fashionably while still conforming to the code as prescribed by Islam through the donning of hijab. Being a Hijabista can therefore be seen as a sartorial technology of the self (Foucault 1988) through recognisable emblematic values of fabrics, cuts, accessories and styles (Blommaert and Varis 2015). The emergence of the Hijabista stems from the modern Muslim women’s desire to assimilate into western civilisation and to show that they too are in on the game. The word Hijabista is a hybridisation of ‘Hijab’ and ’fashionista’; the latter being taken to mean ‘one who is a keen follower of trends and style’. Because the relationship between Islam and women’s fashion is a conflicting one, the global perception of the Hijab is one that is associated with oppression and failure to adapt to progress and modernity. However, in recent years, those in Muslim-majority nations have began showing how the hijab is in fact a symbol of freedom. This rise in the hijab-wearing community of Middle-Eastern countries, such as Kuwait and

Short Story The Lord Of Griffins King - 1280 Words

At the onset of her arrival, Alayna was greeted by the Lord of Griffin’s Stone. Jon, accordingly, offered her a formal greeting before taking her by the arm and sweeping her over towards their usual cohorts. The pair partook in the typical shallow conversation, Alayna had become accustomed to whilst at court. There was often much to do about nothing. She lacked a forbearance for gossip, unless she could use the gained information to her own advantage. Ordinarily, Jon lead the exchanges of their circle but he appeared distracted. His eyes flickered up towards the royal family where Rhaegar was seated along with his Queen Mother. Alayna caught him in the act several times. Her heart went out to her good friend. She knew one could not†¦show more content†¦A flash of golden hair obviated Alayna along the way. Sharp claw-like fingernails dug into the exposed skin of Alayna wrist as Cersei Lannister threaded her arm through Alayna’s. The woman from the Reach paled as she regarded the other woman. Dressed in a deep red silk gown, the lioness looked absolutely regal. Cersei belonged in court, to be admired and inspire. â€Å"It appears we are to be sisters soon.† Cersei remarked as a predatory look gleamed in her emerald eyes. Alayna attempeted to maintain an air of proclivity as she nodded and smiled, demurely, â€Å"I’m honored your lord father believes me to be a good match for your brother.† â€Å"The prospect pleases you?† Cersei inquired, her thin eyebrow raised in question. Alayna looked away and acknowledged, â€Å"It doesn’t displease me.† â€Å"You don’t want to be Lady of Casterly Rock?† Cersei seemed appalled by the notion that anyone wouldn’t desire to be a Lannister. â€Å"I never said that.† Alayna assured the other woman not wanting to offend her future good sister. She continued in an attempt to smooth things over, â€Å"I, merely, stated that I don’t feel anything about it just yet. To be honest, I’m still processing the news.† Cersei patted Alayna on the hand and her voice sickeningly sweet as she told her, â€Å"I wouldn’t worry too much about it if I were you.† â€Å"Excuse me?† Alayna questioned. She was aware of Cersei’sShow MoreRelatedGoal Movie Review10720 Words   |  43 Pagespossession: his football and a tattered picture of the World Cup. Working menial jobs while growing up in Los Angeles, Santiago’s (Kuno Becker) passion was playing football. Convincing his father that he could be an international football star was another story: â€Å"There are two types of people in this world,† declared the elder Munez, â€Å"People in big houses, and people like us who cut their lawns and wash their cars.† But when Brit Glen Foy (Stephen Dillane), an amiable former football player and sometime scout

The United States And Foreign Countries - 860 Words

In his 1796 Farewell Address, President George Washington warns against developing â€Å"permanent alliances† with foreign countries, arguing that this entanglement leads to unnecessary complication (Washington). Of course, Washington’s warning is somewhat grounded in the fact that the United States was a young country that could not handle excessive participation in foreign affairs. Nevertheless, it is important to pay some attention to Washington’s words. Since 1900, the United States has executed more than two hundred military interventions. Furthermore, sixteen of these are marked as â€Å"attempts at nation building† (Pei and Kasper 2003). Since 1900, the United States has taken on a habit of intervening in foreign countries with the intention of maintaining peace. However, as indicated by Pei and Kasper, success in improving these nations is rarely the case. Of the aforementioned sixteen efforts, democracy was preserved in only four cases. This low s uccess rate proves that building a nation is an inherently complicated – and difficult – process that should only be executed when the recipients truly want help. The concept of building a nation is much different from the concept of building a state. As Fukuyama mentions, many argue that creating a nation is an incredibly complicated process that â€Å"outsiders† simply cannot accomplish (Jan/Feb 2004). Building a nation requires some degree of national pride, which is not possible for foreigners to exhibit. Instead, what the UnitedShow MoreRelatedUnited States Laws And Foreign Countries Essay1356 Words   |  6 PagesBeing a country that just recently opened its door to the world, Myanmar is currently facing a lot of changes in transitioning from a closed economy to a rather open economy with alterations in power and command. The laws set by the previous junta are still in the process of being reviewed by the new government. As a result, some of the laws are revised and altered while some remain the same for now as sudden shifts in the way businesses work in the country can lead to complications in the economyRead MoreThe United Stat es Should Stop Sending Aid For Foreign Countries Essay1291 Words   |  6 Pagesthe same opinion that the United States should stop sending aid to foreign countries. In this essay my view is that the United States should stop sending aid to foreign countries. I will defend my view against poverty by discussing Garret Hardin and, James Shikwati views on poverty, and how the United States and other countries will benefit from not sending aid. Garret Hardin mentions environmentalists use the metaphor of Earth as a spaceship. People persuade countries, industries, and people toRead MoreThe United States Foreign Aid to Developing Countries: A Research Report1679 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction The United States is a land of enormous bounty, freedom, and opportunity. 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Based off of his personal recollections of the Chinese leaders during his visit as well as other historical records, Kissinger was able to investigate how the Chinese leaders approach diplomacy, strategy, and negotiations with other countries during the 20th centuryRead MoreHenry Kissinger : The United States Foreign Policy, Strategy, And Negotiations With Ot her Countries During The 20th Essay2156 Words   |  9 Pagesextraodinary figures in the United States foreign policy. Under the Nixon’s administration, Kissinger served as a National Security Advisor and then as a Secretary of State. He was one of the few American diplomats who has known China intimately. Based off of his personal recollections of the Chinese leaders during his visit as well as other historical records, Kissinger was able to investigate how the Chinese leaders approach diplomacy, strategy, and negotiations with other countries during the 20th centuryRead MoreThe United States And Foreign Affairs. Tate Tankersley.1740 Words   |  7 PagesThe United States and Foreign Affairs Tate Tankersley Ms. Scannell English IV Honors December 20, 2016 The United States of America’s economy and military is far too involved in foreign affairs. Foreign affairs are policies of a government in dealing with other countries or with activities overseas, government offices or departments. The United States has always been involved in Foreign affairs since its creation. Although foreign affairs are vital for the sake of the United States ofRead MoreThe First President Of The United States Essay1454 Words   |  6 PagesRevolutionary War, the United States wanted to implant a strong relationship with Britain and also with France. Thomas Jefferson, the third president of the United States, helped settle hostility with Britain and with France. By doing so, he helped to negotiate the Louisiana Purchase, started trading more with other countries, and also made it easier for immigrants to become citizens. What Thomas Jefferson was trying to do was to improve foreign relationships and establish a foreign policy. It isRead MoreEssay about President Bush And Us Foreign Policy1683 Words   |  7 PagesThe United States election in 2000 raised a debate between democrat and republican and in the end the American people chose a new leader Mr. George w. Bush. President Bush clearly defined foreign policy objectives and goals. I have seen and hear our dear President Bush foreign policy after September 11. Following this, Bush has established its top priorities in foreign policy. He claims that an acts in the government to improve the international community through negotiation and cooperation. LikewiseRead MoreUnited States s Income Tax Treaties Essay1347 Words   |  6 PagesThe United States has income tax treaties with a number of foreign countries. Under these treaties, residents (not necessarily citizens) of foreign countries are taxed at a reduced rate, or are exempt from U.S. income taxes on certain items of income they receive from sources within the United States (IRS, 2015). These reduced rates and exemptions vary among countries and specific items of income. The US has bilateral income tax treaties with many global trading partners. Under the terms of thoseRead MoreThe United States Foreign Policy1667 Words   |  7 PagesAs Kelly Anderson’s Foreign Policy Analyst, the following memo will address three areas of the United States’ foreign policy. The U.S. has gone through may transition when it comes to its foreign policy. The United States has been an isolationist, neutralist, and internationalist country from the year it was founded to now. The executive branch and the president apply their power to influence and change the nation’s foreign policy. There are specific departments within the Executive Office of the

Is Hiv Infection A Universally Fatal Diagnosis - 1335 Words

Shardae Murphy Mrs. Williams Advanced Writing 29 March 2017 HIV Is HIV infection a universally fatal diagnosis? â€Å"A small percentage of people with HIV infection have been observed to possess immune systems that keep the virus at bay for at least 10 years, and some for more than 35 years,† Dr. Levy writes.† (Elsevier) The diagnosis of HIV was once a death sentence, but there is no proof that survivors or people who did not get affected can live a normal, average day life without any complications. Most importantly, one can learn about ways to stop the disease and infection by closely examining and studying these people who have survived without HIV or have delayed the infection (Elsevier). It has been spreading†¦show more content†¦The disease is still spreading at a fast, uncontrollable rate (Gedatus 6). There are many ways that the disease can be contracted. HIV is not passed in the air or by touching someone because it does not survive well outside the body. People get can only get it through behaviors or activities that contain blood, semen, or vaginal secretions. Most cases are spread by sexual contact but that is not the only way the disease is acquired. It can also be spread through intravenous drug use, tattooing and body piercing, blood transfusions, and medical accidents. Pregnant women can give the virus to their babies during the virus. It can also be passed through breast milk (Gedatus 12). The disease is not really the problem; it is the obtaining and spreading of the disease. While HIV affects individuals differently, the most common effects deal with the personal, emotional, and mental state of mind. In 1992, HIV infection became the leading cause of death among young men and the third leading killer of young women (Byers 43). HIV attacks the most important cells of the immune system. They are the white blood cells, which help the body fight off infections from bacteria or viruses. Shortly after people are infected, they start to feel symptoms like swollen neck glands, night shivering and sweating, achy body, and a slight fever (Curran 38). â€Å"Babies who catch HIV from their mothers often get sick very early in their lives and usually die before their tenth birthday (CurranShow MoreRelatedHuman Immunodefinciency Virus (HIV) Essay1108 Words   |  5 PagesImmunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Just the mere thought of finding out or the possibility of being HIV positive can make a person stress and begin to question themselves. â€Å"How do I tell my family?† â€Å"How can I build a family now?† â€Å"What will my new partner will think of me?† That is only the tip of the iceberg of the physical, mental and emotional torments of the person’s life. Where did HIV come from? Scientists believe that a type of chimpanzee in West Africa was the source of HIV infection in humans. TheyRead MoreHiv Introduction10077 Words   |  41 PagesHIV From Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaJump to: navigation, search AIDS virus redirects here. For the computer virus, see AIDS (computer virus). For the village, see Hiv (village). For the administrative subdivision, see Hiv Rural District. HIV Classification and external resources Diagram of HIV ICD-10 B20-B24 ICD-9 042-044 OMIM 609423 MedlinePlus 000602 eMedicine article/783434 MeSH D006678 Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a lentivirus (a member of the retrovirus family) thatRead MoreHiv/Aids Summary of Research Study8804 Words   |  36 PagesCHAPTER I THE PROBLEM Introduction Infection with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) results in destruction of the body’s host defenses and immune system leading to the condition called Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). HIV-AIDS is one of the world’s greatest public health crises. 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To this end, the book adopts an applied science perspective that continues throughout even the practice-oriented chapters. Chapter 1 provides an overview of the diagnosis, psychopathology, and phenomenology of OCD. Chapter 2 focuses on the most recent psychological research on the nature and persistence of obsessions, compulsions, and neutralization responses. Chapter 3 presents the behavioral theory and treatmentRead MoreBhopal Gas Disaster84210 Words   |  337 Pagesenvironmental concerns are addressed) for disposal at their expense. This, the TSC felt, would be the only fair, ethical, proper, legal and desirable way of taking care of a problem, for the following reasons: * This step would be compatible with the universally accepted principle that in such cases the respon sibility for waste disposal must lie with those who generate the waste. * When Dow acquired Union Carbide, it acquired all its assets and liabilities. * Precedence exists where India has exported hazardous

Hard Work Free Essays

Hard work  will not guarantee you success. Let me explain – the hardest working athletes are not the ones making the most money. The most talented ones in any sport are not often described as being â€Å"hard working† The person who is putting in 12 hour days, sweating and plodding along? Getting the job done and earning very little reward? Do people get promoted within the organization on work ethic alone? Isn’t usually because they know someone, have a natural knack for something, have more â€Å"education†, or were just in the right place at the right time? I’m not saying that  hard work  goes unnoticed. We will write a custom essay sample on Hard Work or any similar topic only for you Order Now Coaches, managers, leaders – they often go out of their way to acknowledge and praise hard-workers. They are held up as examples to the others and given momentary spotlights, but in the end, it’s not the attribute that brings success. I have seen a lot of hard-working people get treated unfairly over my career in all avenues of life. The person that quietly goes about their business and bothers no one is rarely acknowledged. The person who has a knack for doing a lot of things well is â€Å"too valuable† to move to higher positions of authority. Hard working people are often not vocal enough to â€Å"too their own horn† and get noticed, so they are not noticed (they believe their work speaks for itself). How many people do you know that are the fall guy to get stuff done? If no one else wants to do it, we know the guy or gal we can count on to get ‘er done, right? Am I wrong? So what value is â€Å"working hard†, and why should we work hard, or expect those we lead work hard as well if there isn’t a visible payoff? Well, there’s 2 things here I want to say. Number 1 – as a leader, if you have people in your organization that work hard – make sure you acknowledge them and take a deep, accurate look at how you treat them. Are you taking advantage of them? More importantly – you, the hard-worker. Why should you work hard? Do you work hard for a reward (pay, promotion, or prestige)? Should you work hard for these things? What about for self-pride? I’m talking ego – I’m talking good pride. I’m talking about sleeping well at night, knowing that whether you work for someone else, or work for yourself, you can take pride in putting forth an ffort today that made you, your oganization, and others you served better. I think there’s much value in hard work, and I believe that kind of pride in working hard reflects our creator. But be careful, don’t try and equate hard work and being busy as one thing. I’ve seen plenty of people that are masters at being busy doing nothing, appea ring to work hard, and leveraging that to try and get ahead. That shows very little self-pride as well. So work hard, get satisfaction from doing a good job. Take pride in what you do. Just don’t ask your work to be the catalyst for pushing you to higher levels of success – that is asking too much of something so simple. Thoughts on hard work? Hard Work CAN Kill You Hard work never killed anyone. (Proverbial) Overworking can be seriously damaging to your health. Stress and long hours heart problems, increased susceptibility to infection, fatigue disorders like CFS/ME†¦ and even suicide. We live in a world where we often feel pushed to  do  more. You might be under pressure from your peers, your parents, or society in general. You might well have internalized these influences – and you may believe that to be â€Å"successful†, you need to have a high-flying career or a huge salary. Ultimately, though, you won’t be able to enjoy the fruits of your hard work if you ruin your health in the process. Working hard isn’t always a good thing. It can actually end up being selfish and destructive, if: * Your long hours cause problems for your family * You’re short-tempered with colleagues or employees * You make mistakes because you’ve been working too hard You lose your sense of perspective, and let work take over your life How to Keep Work in Perspective Recognize the importance of other things – like friends, family, hobbies, sufficient rest and relaxation†¦ If you’re working hard in the hopes of retiring early, ease up on work and enjoy your  whole life a little more – instead of hoping for a few golden years at the end of it. If you’re working hard to buy more things for your kids, ask yourself whether it’s really more money that they need – or your presence. If you’re working hard because you feel that you â€Å"should† – then remember that this is  your life, and it’s up to you to decide how to live it. * * How to cite Hard Work, Papers

Purchasing Operations and Management †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Purchasing Operations and Management. Answer: Introduction The retail market is very competitive and dynamic and requires quite a lot of business muscle to stay afloat. Many retail giants are on the brink of collapse; case in point is the Nakumatt supermarkets that were once a household name in the Kenyan and East African market at large. Empty shelves are now a typical picture associated with this once giant retailer in the region. This essay will focus on the aspects to increase efficiency of doing retail business. The three main issues to be discussed will include supplier selection criteria, ICT for purchasing operations and purchasing cost analysis. Recommendations will be made on the best practices surrounding these three issues. This essay will focus on another giant retailer; Walmart supermarkets that are a household name in America and a global brand in some respect. Walmart stores deal in a variety of products including household goods for example utensils, furniture, electrical appliances and fresh food and fruits. Almost all kind of goods will be available in these stores. Walmart is a global brand and hence its business implications are felt in the global economy (Gereffi, 2009). The market is distributed from the Americas to Asia (South Korea and Japan) and across Europe (Germany). Competitors in the market include KMart Super Centre, Supervalu Inc, Croger among many more. Many of the competitors are also targeting the global market. Most of the goals and strategies of Walmart are focused on sustainable profitability. These strategies are aimed at maximizing profitability but at the same time factor in social and environmental responsibilities (Cohen, 2017). Supplier Selection Criteria Supplier selection and monitoring of their performance is key to efficient business operation. Devising the best supplier selection method and evaluating the performance of the supplier goes a long way to ensure benefits of the goods purchased are felt later in the chain as cost effectiveness, quality, dynamicity and creativity (Nair, 2015). Being a retail entity, Walmart seeks to maximize profit on their varied products while maintaining a low cost on their products compared to its peers in the market. Maintaining competitive prices for its products will help it have an edge on the customer base and hence boosting the sales. There has to be an understanding between the supplier and the client to purchase products at the cheapest and most favorable prices ever. This will enable the client to develop a competitive price structure in the market. In his study, Sen postulates that decisions to be made on coming up with the ideal supplier are very challenging and include inadequate information, imperfect choices and more qualitative methods applied (Sen, 2008). Over the last 30 years, a lot of academic research has been undertaken to devise a consistent approach in choosing an ideal supplier. Data mining methods, problem establishment methods, multi-criteria decision aid and mathematical programming are some of the methods to be applied in supplier selection discussed by Sen. The following phases are consistent with most supplier selection strategy (Sen, 2008): Defining the problem Establishing a method Assessing suitability of qualified suppliers Choosing the most preferred supplier Measuring endurance of a supplier in most cases is dependent on quality of the products, price, service and delivery. From an analysis of the literature by academicians in this field, qualitative and quantitative supplier selection framework will be preferred here. In this method, two algorithms are applied to select the supplier. As discussed in detail by Sen, the following pointers are key according to Sen (2008); Establishment of a cross-functional group. This is because the supplier selection affects many other activities and decision makers in the team. It includes production strategy teams, cash flow controllers, and inventory managers, among others. Therefore a consensus should be sought. Data mining to come up with varied supplier selection methods. This will help to come up with new and more efficient strategies. Arrange the selection methods into a preferred flow Calculation of percentage and relative importance degrees for the main and subclasses Importance is then sought for buyer-supplier integration steps The first algorithm is applied to establish total rating of transformation to higher integration level The buyer-supplier integration is then calculated using the second algorithm These listed steps can be practically applied to search for an ideal supplier among competing supplier candidates. The level of integration is key in this method to establish both qualitative and quantitative selection of ideal suppliers. Qualitative and quantitative attributes to be selected on include reliability, technology, cost effectiveness, high quality, and quality service among others. This method has been shown to work in the retail market and recommendation is hereby made to apply it in the Walmart case to gauge its feasibility and tolerance (Sen, 2008). ICT for Purchasing Operations With the dramatic shift of the global patterns towards embracing ICT over the past few decades, discussing ICT integration in purchasing operations becomes vital. ICT has become an important function of our lives and many people world over are computer literate. Emergence of online shopping platforms adds concrete to this course (Grillitsch, 2013). People can now access preferred goods and services of debatably the same best quality from the comfort of their homes and from the click of a button. These developments are worth marveling to and their implications to the market are strongly felt. The competitive bar has been raised much higher and the earlier retailers incorporate ICT in their services, the better for their competitive muscle. For a retail giant like Walmart, it is arguably almost compulsory to embrace ICT in its purchasing operations and even retail operations. Looking at the immensely large number of suppliers handled by this retailer necessitates ICT incorporation (Grillitsch, 2013). For better record keeping and inventory management, paper work is not even an option. However, incorporation of ICT in purchasing operations is a diametric factor. This is because it cuts across the supplier and the buyer. Therefore the operations have to be on both sides. This would not easily prove a challenge also because most of the Walmart suppliers are big brands that you expect have integrated ICT in their operations. This section will however discuss selected factors in implementing ICT in purchasing operations. Some of these factors include cost of ICT infrastructure and ICT implementation, retailer vision and goals and staff ICT skills (Francis, 2017). The cost of ICT infrastructure is a hindering factor towards full incorporation of ICT in purchasing. Incorporation of ICT has been shown to cut costs on manpower as one individual can operate the computer and do a number of transactions at the same time. The same way the suppliers can be found on the internet much easily compared to the past where websites were not available. However the entire cost of acquisition of the tools to ensure full operationalization are quite expensive (Francis, 2017). These costs include hardware appliances, software, upgrades and maintenance and development costs. Investing in ICT can also be viewed as not a primary objective of a retailer thus making the decision makers hesitant in going full out on this venture. I t is imperative that a balance be struck between the business goals of a retailer and the economic realities. Retailer vision and goals are also vital to the implementation of ICT in purchasing. Studies have shown that many institutions had actually purchased the necessary equipment and facilities to enable ICT operations but have not yet implemented them effectively because of a lack of a proper plan and vision (Francis 2017). This scenario can be avoided by striking a balance between the business goals and economic realities as stated above. To also realize the actuality of integrating ICT in purchase will also need the decision makers to own the policy individually. A foundation has to be lain first to ensure smooth transition into the purchasing operations using ICT. Such will include ensuring that the staffs have the necessary training and qualifications to enable successful operations. Adopting ICT for purchasing operations will also enable employment of persons with disability that is not usually a norm in this sector (Giannoumis, 2015). This is because automation of the sector operations makes it easier for people with such limitations. This will contribute to trying to achieve striking a balance between the social and business responsibilities of Walmart. The implications towards achieving an all equal society will go a long way in building the reputation of the Walmart brand. As a result, its competitiveness in the market will be enhanced. To be on the right side of history also calls for Walmart to fully appreciate the 21st century developments which include the robust ICT sector. History will judge the retailer on the basis of such actions as this (Grillitsch, 2013). A lot of innovations currently also emanate from the ICT sector and to be placed in a better position to enjoy such benefits, Walmart has to embrace ICT in its purchasing. Innovative minds could also rise through the ranks within the employees that can be able to provide breakthroughs in the difficulties of implementing this venture. The most important thing is for the decision makers to embrace this initiative. Rice suggests that reputable retailers such as Walmart in the European market needs to keep its goals in tandem with the goals of the European commission that seek to improve the level of accessibility in mainstream ICT services using the public procurement laws and performance standards ( Rice, 2015). Such legislation will require a full operational shift in the use of ICT for purchasing. This will also go a long way in enabling access to procurement ICT services to people with disabilities. In a nutshell, it has been shown in this section that the hurdles faced in achieving full operationalization of purchasing using ICT are not supposed to derail implementation of the same. This is because the benefits of this achievement outweigh the costs. Efficiency that comes with implementing ICT for purchasing is so real and cost effective (Mukhopadhyay, 2016). ICT for purchasing operations is thus fully recommended. Purchasing Cost Analysis Purchasing costs for any business entity keen on making profit like Walmart need to be optimized. The optimization aims at enabling purchases to be made at the most affordable or lowest prices. When goods are purchased from the suppliers at the lowest possible prices, they will be retailed at competitive prices in the retail shelves (Anderson, 2016). This will go a long way in ensuring that Walmart is competitive enough to outmuscle its peers in the market. Such an arrangement is in tandem with the goal of Walmart of achieving an all-day low price for its products. However this task is not easy to accomplish due to its multifactorial nature. To achieve the above goals, the purchasers and suppliers need to develop and understanding that is honest and would allow both parties to make profit from the business without aggrieving either of the parties. Another important aspect of this discussion would be create a competition between the suppliers of a purchaser such that the suppliers strive to offer the best deal to the purchaser (Anderson, 2016). The best deal would be in terms of the lowest prices from the same goods offered by the different suppliers. When this is achieved, the purchaser would go with the best deal and establish a partnership with the supplier. The supplier also needs to be assured of their job security (Gupta, 2011). Assuring the suppliers long term contracts based on performance is a motivation to them and will go a long way in creating a rapport between the parties. This can be accomplished through structured and consistent discussions between the parties to achieve the best business goals while keeping a close eye on the market trends. Also an evaluation needs to be consistently done of the suppliers of the purchaser to ensure that the trends in the market are catered for. It is important that the business incorporates creativity and dynamism in this current competitive market. Consistent consultations with the supplier on these issues will anyhow be key in achieving this goal. PCM Inc that is a marketer of technological products in its report emphasizes the need for retailers not to allow themselves to be left behind in the market trends (PCM, 2015). Having robust data mining departments can also help keep tabs on the market needs and trends. Evaluation of the supplier also need to be done to establish if the supplier will be able to meet the needs of the retailer effectively and especially in the high seasons. A balance must also be struck in the high and low seasons. Once the above discussed factors are implemented, it becomes easy to achieve the ultimate goal of lowering the purchasing costs (Mehlawat, 2013). T his will of course increase competitiveness of the retailers products. Its competitive muscle will also be enhanced in the market. Conclusion Decision makers in such reputable retailers as Walmart are faced with multiple hard decisions to make on a daily basis. Most of these decisions are strategic and very key to the business objectives of these entities. In a nutshell supplier selection has been discussed and recommended basing on the qualitative and quantitative model details to which have been availed. ICT for purchasing operations has also been strongly recommended to increase efficiency and cost effectiveness. Finally the purchasing cost analysis factors have been discussed with the aim of achieving the lowest prices for purchased good. This will go a long way in establishing lowest all day prices for Walmart products in the market. References Anderson, I., Groce, F., McMullan, D., Wallshein, C. (2016). DoD ESI Historical Purchase Prices Database: An Unprecedented Tool for Software Buyers and Cost Analysts. Armed Forces Comptroller, 61(1), 22-27. Advanced Placement Source, EBSCOhost, viewedSeptember 23, 2017 Cohen, B., Muoz, P. (2017). Entering Conscious Consumer Markets: Toward A New Generation Of Sustainability Strategies. California Management Review, 59(4), 23-48. doi:10.1177/0008125617722792.Advanced Placement Source, EBSCOhost, viewedSeptember 23, 2017 Francis, N. N., Ngugi, M., Kinzi, J. (2017). Influence of selected factors on the implementation of information and communication technology policy in public secondary schools in Naivasha Sub-county, Kenya. International Journal Of Education Development Using Information Communication Technology, 13(2), 70-86. 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